Jtdcftul

I know this article but there is no comparison to OSX's TimeMachine.
I would like to find a backup software which is about the same as TimeMachine or better.

I would like to have such a software which can use some format of HDD which is suitable for big files (50 GB) in Linux.
I noticed that

• OSX format of HFS+ is not supported by Linux distros, since no maintainer of HFS in Linux since 2006


• NTFS format made by Debian 8.1 is not supported by older Linux distros

If Windows support, good.

Try with the Backups (Deja Dup) software

I did start the backup first time but I wanted to go to lunch after backup was running already two hours of just 10 GB files.
So it gave me this after the lunch

which is really insane, reported now here, since the software is not designed to have pauses in doing the backups.

You can use Cronopete. Cronopete is a backup utility for Linux, modeled after Apple's Time Machine. It aims to simplify the creation of periodic backups.^Launchpad.

To install, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:rastersoft-gmail/cronopetedev

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install cronopete

To install from source, see Here

Or you can try Back In Time. Back In Time is a simple backup tool for Linux inspired from FlyBack and "TimeVault".^{Back In Time / Launchpad}.

To install just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:bit-team/stable

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install backintime-qt4

On a personal note, I use Systemback for all my backups, archiving, and imaging. To install it, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:nemh/systemback

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install systemback

If you don't mind working with the console try backup-manager, it comes along with the distribution. The handling is done with one config file sitting in /etc.

sudo apt-get install backup-manager

To modify the file you could use nano in the console.

sudo nano /etc/backup-manager.conf

You won't need most of it. What I personally like is, that no additional packages are needed.

Here is a small example of a backup.

Where to store the files?

##############################################################

# Repository - everything about where archives are

#############################################################



# Where to store the archives

export BM_REPOSITORY_ROOT="/var/archives"

choose your Directory, where to put the files.

Pay close attention to the following settings there

# For security reasons, the archive repository and the generated

# archives will be readable/writable by a given user/group.

# This is recommended to set this to true.

export BM_REPOSITORY_SECURE="true"



# The repository will be readable/writable only by a specific

# user:group pair if BM_REPOSITORY_SECURE is set to true.

export BM_REPOSITORY_USER="root"

export BM_REPOSITORY_GROUP="root"

# You can also choose the permission to set the repository, default

# is 770, pay attention to what you do there!

export BM_REPOSITORY_CHMOD="770"

If you backup something like /home or /movie you might leave this option on, so only root and the root group might be able to access the backup

For a server backup (e.g. a multi user server and/or folders like /var/www/ /opt/ /etc/ /var/) you might consider setting this option to false to preserve ownership/accessability of the files after a restore. Otherwise you'll need to manually set them after a restore.

Choose your backup-method

##############################################################

# Archives - let's focus on the precious tarballs...

##############################################################



# The backup method to use.

# Available methods are:

# - tarball

# - tarball-incremental

# - mysql

# - pgsql

# - svn

# - pipe

# - none

# If you don't want to use any backup method (you don't want to

# build archives) then choose "none"

choose

export BM_ARCHIVE_METHOD="tarball-incremental"

Choose the directories to backup

Further info can be found in the section

 ##############################################################

 # Section "TARBALL"

 # - Backup method: tarball

 #############################################################

Here I checked the following options

export BM_TARBALL_FILETYPE="tar.bz2"

export BM_TARBALL_DIRECTORIES="/etc /var/www /home/wikibackup"

Choose rotation of master and incrementals

##############################################################

# The tarball-incremental method uses the same keys as the 

# tarball method, plus two others.

#############################################################

I've choosen to do weekly full backups on monday (first day of the week). That means every monday I get a full backup and the rest of the week will be saved in different smaller incremental files. So restoring them would mean. Resotre the full backup and after that the incremental files, to get back the latest backup of your data.

export BM_TARBALLINC_MASTERDATETYPE="weekly"

export BM_TARBALLINC_MASTERDATEVALUE="1"

Cronjob

Use a simple cronjob to do the backup automatically

sudo -i



crontab -e

Enter the following

00 03 * * * /usr/sbin/backup-manager >/dev/null 2>&1

If you need a notification email remove this part

>/dev/null 2>&1

I do not recommend Deja-dup because it is not close to Time-Machine in features, and is unstable with many filesystems. I have not managed to get proposals of Mitch sufficient in features for my needs. They break too much.

Niceness of the Process

Nice will lower the cpu priority, freeing cpu power for other processes, ionice will reduce the disk priority, freeing the disk i/o for other processes).
Use tar czf with nice as described here separately for the system and home such that you can easily work vertical with your systems in many projects

# http://unix.stackexchange.com/a/291720/16920

sudo nice tar czf /media/masi/ntfsDisc/backup_system_24.6.2016.tar.gz --exclude=/home 

    --exclude=/media --exclude=/dev 

    --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/sys 

    --exclude=/run --exclude=/proc /



sudo nice tar czf /media/masi/ntfsDiscSami/backup_home_24.6.2016.tar.gz $HOME/

Limit CPU consumption of the Process

Assume you have a limited system etc ultrabook with 20 Mb/s read/second.
If you do not know it, use

# http://unix.stackexchange.com/q/291713/16920

tar cf - $HOME/ | pv | gzip > media/masi/ntfsDisc/testbackup.tar.gz

Then, limit your CPU and do

# http://unix.stackexchange.com/a/292659/16920

tar cf - $HOME/ | pv -L 10m | gzip > /media/masi/ntfsDisc/testbackup.tar.gz

Move Computation to GPU

TODO Future

TimeShift

It has a simple graphical interface but you can also use it from the terminal.

sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:teejee2008/ppa

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install timeshift -y