Memory usage doesn't add up - what is using my memory?
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My computer (which is running Ubuntu Server 16.04) is currently using 13.4 GB out of 15.4 GB of RAM (according to htop) but I'm struggling to understand what is using that memory.
free -m reports:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15733 13781 1083 22 868 1592
Swap: 71524 430 71094
top shows the highest memory using process as taking 6.8% of memory and the next largest taking 0.4% of memory.
If I use ps aux | awk '{print $6/1024 " MBtt" $11}' | sort -n, it shows the (same) highest-memory-using process as taking 1104 MB of RAM, which sounds about right compared to top.
If I sum all the values of every process reported by ps:
ps aux | awk '{sum=sum+$6}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'
it reports a total of 1.8 GB RAM used.
So ps reckons I'm using 1.8 GB RAM, but free and htop both reckon I'm using over 13 GB of RAM. The available column in the free output is too small to account for this difference.
What am I missing?
Edit 2017-01-20 13:27 Z
/usr/bin/free -h reports:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15G 13G 417M 22M 1.1G 1.2G
Swap: 69G 432M 69G
slabtop output:
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | head -n 20
Active / Total Objects (% used) : 16552394 / 17903627 (92.5%)
Active / Total Slabs (% used) : 841391 / 841391 (100.0%)
Active / Total Caches (% used) : 109 / 155 (70.3%)
Active / Total Size (% used) : 9510904.12K / 9753117.86K (97.5%)
Minimum / Average / Maximum Object : 0.01K / 0.54K / 18.56K
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1764956 1764890 0% 1.08K 120388 29 3852416K zio_cache
126780 126308 0% 16.00K 68205 2 2182560K zio_buf_16384
1797996 1797996 100% 0.85K 100920 18 1614720K dnode_t
1952240 1833842 0% 0.50K 122015 16 976120K kmalloc-512
62255 61308 0% 8.00K 20096 4 643072K kmalloc-8192
1999648 1968319 0% 0.28K 71416 28 571328K dmu_buf_impl_t
1764892 1764892 100% 0.26K 56932 31 455456K sa_cache
2028978 1981994 0% 0.19K 96618 21 386472K dentry
23113 23021 0% 12.00K 11557 2 369824K zio_buf_12288
694975 647514 0% 0.31K 27799 25 222392K bio-1
1660096 1592262 0% 0.12K 51878 32 207512K kmalloc-128
131376 91798 0% 1.00K 8211 16 131376K ecryptfs_inode_cache
90888 89352 0% 1.05K 3035 30 97120K ext4_inode_cache
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | tail -n +8 | awk '{sum=sum+$7}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'` reports:
11484.9 MB
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | tail -n +8 | grep zio | awk '{sum=sum+$7}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'
6222.28 MB
So it looks like it's something to do ZFS from what I can tell - ZFS is taking over 6 GB of RAM and there's about 5 GB used by non-zio stuff in the slabtop output.
ram memory-usage
asked Jan 20 '17 at 12:14
DrAlDrAl
709816
add a comment |
My computer (which is running Ubuntu Server 16.04) is currently using 13.4 GB out of 15.4 GB of RAM (according to htop) but I'm struggling to understand what is using that memory.
free -m reports:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15733 13781 1083 22 868 1592
Swap: 71524 430 71094
top shows the highest memory using process as taking 6.8% of memory and the next largest taking 0.4% of memory.
If I use ps aux | awk '{print $6/1024 " MBtt" $11}' | sort -n, it shows the (same) highest-memory-using process as taking 1104 MB of RAM, which sounds about right compared to top.
If I sum all the values of every process reported by ps:
ps aux | awk '{sum=sum+$6}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'
it reports a total of 1.8 GB RAM used.
So ps reckons I'm using 1.8 GB RAM, but free and htop both reckon I'm using over 13 GB of RAM. The available column in the free output is too small to account for this difference.
What am I missing?
Edit 2017-01-20 13:27 Z
/usr/bin/free -h reports:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15G 13G 417M 22M 1.1G 1.2G
Swap: 69G 432M 69G
slabtop output:
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | head -n 20
Active / Total Objects (% used) : 16552394 / 17903627 (92.5%)
Active / Total Slabs (% used) : 841391 / 841391 (100.0%)
Active / Total Caches (% used) : 109 / 155 (70.3%)
Active / Total Size (% used) : 9510904.12K / 9753117.86K (97.5%)
Minimum / Average / Maximum Object : 0.01K / 0.54K / 18.56K
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1764956 1764890 0% 1.08K 120388 29 3852416K zio_cache
126780 126308 0% 16.00K 68205 2 2182560K zio_buf_16384
1797996 1797996 100% 0.85K 100920 18 1614720K dnode_t
1952240 1833842 0% 0.50K 122015 16 976120K kmalloc-512
62255 61308 0% 8.00K 20096 4 643072K kmalloc-8192
1999648 1968319 0% 0.28K 71416 28 571328K dmu_buf_impl_t
1764892 1764892 100% 0.26K 56932 31 455456K sa_cache
2028978 1981994 0% 0.19K 96618 21 386472K dentry
23113 23021 0% 12.00K 11557 2 369824K zio_buf_12288
694975 647514 0% 0.31K 27799 25 222392K bio-1
1660096 1592262 0% 0.12K 51878 32 207512K kmalloc-128
131376 91798 0% 1.00K 8211 16 131376K ecryptfs_inode_cache
90888 89352 0% 1.05K 3035 30 97120K ext4_inode_cache
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | tail -n +8 | awk '{sum=sum+$7}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'` reports:
11484.9 MB
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | tail -n +8 | grep zio | awk '{sum=sum+$7}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'
6222.28 MB
So it looks like it's something to do ZFS from what I can tell - ZFS is taking over 6 GB of RAM and there's about 5 GB used by non-zio stuff in the slabtop output.
ram memory-usage
asked Jan 20 '17 at 12:14
DrAlDrAl
709816
1
have a look at this thread: askubuntu.com/questions/285387/…slabtop -s cmay give you a hint on what is using your memory. In my case it wasext4_inode_cache- in the linked thread is was the XFS equivalent to it.
– Phillip -Zyan K Lee- Stockmann
Jan 20 '17 at 12:34
1
It seems you're using the "old" output format offreethat doesn't list buffers and caches. Could you please runfree -hwithout the-ooption and include the output in your question? Iffreeis an alias that implies-o, you can circumvent it withcommand free -h. Alternatively, what's the output ofgrep -e '^MemAvailable:' /proc/meminfo? Thanks.
– David Foerster
Jan 20 '17 at 12:56
Thanks you both - I've added the output from free and slabtop.
– DrAl
Jan 20 '17 at 13:29
add a comment |
My computer (which is running Ubuntu Server 16.04) is currently using 13.4 GB out of 15.4 GB of RAM (according to htop) but I'm struggling to understand what is using that memory.
free -m reports:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15733 13781 1083 22 868 1592
Swap: 71524 430 71094
top shows the highest memory using process as taking 6.8% of memory and the next largest taking 0.4% of memory.
If I use ps aux | awk '{print $6/1024 " MBtt" $11}' | sort -n, it shows the (same) highest-memory-using process as taking 1104 MB of RAM, which sounds about right compared to top.
If I sum all the values of every process reported by ps:
ps aux | awk '{sum=sum+$6}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'
it reports a total of 1.8 GB RAM used.
So ps reckons I'm using 1.8 GB RAM, but free and htop both reckon I'm using over 13 GB of RAM. The available column in the free output is too small to account for this difference.
What am I missing?
Edit 2017-01-20 13:27 Z
/usr/bin/free -h reports:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15G 13G 417M 22M 1.1G 1.2G
Swap: 69G 432M 69G
slabtop output:
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | head -n 20
Active / Total Objects (% used) : 16552394 / 17903627 (92.5%)
Active / Total Slabs (% used) : 841391 / 841391 (100.0%)
Active / Total Caches (% used) : 109 / 155 (70.3%)
Active / Total Size (% used) : 9510904.12K / 9753117.86K (97.5%)
Minimum / Average / Maximum Object : 0.01K / 0.54K / 18.56K
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1764956 1764890 0% 1.08K 120388 29 3852416K zio_cache
126780 126308 0% 16.00K 68205 2 2182560K zio_buf_16384
1797996 1797996 100% 0.85K 100920 18 1614720K dnode_t
1952240 1833842 0% 0.50K 122015 16 976120K kmalloc-512
62255 61308 0% 8.00K 20096 4 643072K kmalloc-8192
1999648 1968319 0% 0.28K 71416 28 571328K dmu_buf_impl_t
1764892 1764892 100% 0.26K 56932 31 455456K sa_cache
2028978 1981994 0% 0.19K 96618 21 386472K dentry
23113 23021 0% 12.00K 11557 2 369824K zio_buf_12288
694975 647514 0% 0.31K 27799 25 222392K bio-1
1660096 1592262 0% 0.12K 51878 32 207512K kmalloc-128
131376 91798 0% 1.00K 8211 16 131376K ecryptfs_inode_cache
90888 89352 0% 1.05K 3035 30 97120K ext4_inode_cache
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | tail -n +8 | awk '{sum=sum+$7}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'` reports:
11484.9 MB
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | tail -n +8 | grep zio | awk '{sum=sum+$7}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'
6222.28 MB
So it looks like it's something to do ZFS from what I can tell - ZFS is taking over 6 GB of RAM and there's about 5 GB used by non-zio stuff in the slabtop output.
ram memory-usage
asked Jan 20 '17 at 12:14
DrAlDrAl
709816
My computer (which is running Ubuntu Server 16.04) is currently using 13.4 GB out of 15.4 GB of RAM (according to htop) but I'm struggling to understand what is using that memory.
free -m reports:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15733 13781 1083 22 868 1592
Swap: 71524 430 71094
top shows the highest memory using process as taking 6.8% of memory and the next largest taking 0.4% of memory.
If I use ps aux | awk '{print $6/1024 " MBtt" $11}' | sort -n, it shows the (same) highest-memory-using process as taking 1104 MB of RAM, which sounds about right compared to top.
If I sum all the values of every process reported by ps:
ps aux | awk '{sum=sum+$6}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'
it reports a total of 1.8 GB RAM used.
So ps reckons I'm using 1.8 GB RAM, but free and htop both reckon I'm using over 13 GB of RAM. The available column in the free output is too small to account for this difference.
What am I missing?
Edit 2017-01-20 13:27 Z
/usr/bin/free -h reports:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15G 13G 417M 22M 1.1G 1.2G
Swap: 69G 432M 69G
slabtop output:
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | head -n 20
Active / Total Objects (% used) : 16552394 / 17903627 (92.5%)
Active / Total Slabs (% used) : 841391 / 841391 (100.0%)
Active / Total Caches (% used) : 109 / 155 (70.3%)
Active / Total Size (% used) : 9510904.12K / 9753117.86K (97.5%)
Minimum / Average / Maximum Object : 0.01K / 0.54K / 18.56K
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1764956 1764890 0% 1.08K 120388 29 3852416K zio_cache
126780 126308 0% 16.00K 68205 2 2182560K zio_buf_16384
1797996 1797996 100% 0.85K 100920 18 1614720K dnode_t
1952240 1833842 0% 0.50K 122015 16 976120K kmalloc-512
62255 61308 0% 8.00K 20096 4 643072K kmalloc-8192
1999648 1968319 0% 0.28K 71416 28 571328K dmu_buf_impl_t
1764892 1764892 100% 0.26K 56932 31 455456K sa_cache
2028978 1981994 0% 0.19K 96618 21 386472K dentry
23113 23021 0% 12.00K 11557 2 369824K zio_buf_12288
694975 647514 0% 0.31K 27799 25 222392K bio-1
1660096 1592262 0% 0.12K 51878 32 207512K kmalloc-128
131376 91798 0% 1.00K 8211 16 131376K ecryptfs_inode_cache
90888 89352 0% 1.05K 3035 30 97120K ext4_inode_cache
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | tail -n +8 | awk '{sum=sum+$7}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'` reports:
11484.9 MB
$ sudo slabtop -s c -o | tail -n +8 | grep zio | awk '{sum=sum+$7}; END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'
6222.28 MB
So it looks like it's something to do ZFS from what I can tell - ZFS is taking over 6 GB of RAM and there's about 5 GB used by non-zio stuff in the slabtop output.
ram memory-usage
ram memory-usage
asked Jan 20 '17 at 12:14
DrAlDrAl
709816
asked Jan 20 '17 at 12:14
DrAlDrAl
709816
edited Jan 20 '17 at 13:28
DrAl
asked Jan 20 '17 at 12:14
DrAlDrAl
709816
asked Jan 20 '17 at 12:14
DrAlDrAl
709816
asked Jan 20 '17 at 12:14
DrAlDrAl
709816
709816
1
have a look at this thread: askubuntu.com/questions/285387/…slabtop -s cmay give you a hint on what is using your memory. In my case it wasext4_inode_cache- in the linked thread is was the XFS equivalent to it.
– Phillip -Zyan K Lee- Stockmann
Jan 20 '17 at 12:34
1
It seems you're using the "old" output format offreethat doesn't list buffers and caches. Could you please runfree -hwithout the-ooption and include the output in your question? Iffreeis an alias that implies-o, you can circumvent it withcommand free -h. Alternatively, what's the output ofgrep -e '^MemAvailable:' /proc/meminfo? Thanks.
– David Foerster
Jan 20 '17 at 12:56
Thanks you both - I've added the output from free and slabtop.
– DrAl
Jan 20 '17 at 13:29
add a comment |
1
have a look at this thread: askubuntu.com/questions/285387/…slabtop -s cmay give you a hint on what is using your memory. In my case it wasext4_inode_cache- in the linked thread is was the XFS equivalent to it.
– Phillip -Zyan K Lee- Stockmann
Jan 20 '17 at 12:34
1
It seems you're using the "old" output format offreethat doesn't list buffers and caches. Could you please runfree -hwithout the-ooption and include the output in your question? Iffreeis an alias that implies-o, you can circumvent it withcommand free -h. Alternatively, what's the output ofgrep -e '^MemAvailable:' /proc/meminfo? Thanks.
– David Foerster
Jan 20 '17 at 12:56
Thanks you both - I've added the output from free and slabtop.
– DrAl
Jan 20 '17 at 13:29
1
1
have a look at this thread: askubuntu.com/questions/285387/…
slabtop -s c may give you a hint on what is using your memory. In my case it was ext4_inode_cache - in the linked thread is was the XFS equivalent to it.– Phillip -Zyan K Lee- Stockmann
Jan 20 '17 at 12:34
have a look at this thread: askubuntu.com/questions/285387/…
slabtop -s c may give you a hint on what is using your memory. In my case it was ext4_inode_cache - in the linked thread is was the XFS equivalent to it.– Phillip -Zyan K Lee- Stockmann
Jan 20 '17 at 12:34
1
1
It seems you're using the "old" output format of
free that doesn't list buffers and caches. Could you please run free -h without the -o option and include the output in your question? If free is an alias that implies -o, you can circumvent it with command free -h. Alternatively, what's the output of grep -e '^MemAvailable:' /proc/meminfo? Thanks.– David Foerster
Jan 20 '17 at 12:56
It seems you're using the "old" output format of
free that doesn't list buffers and caches. Could you please run free -h without the -o option and include the output in your question? If free is an alias that implies -o, you can circumvent it with command free -h. Alternatively, what's the output of grep -e '^MemAvailable:' /proc/meminfo? Thanks.– David Foerster
Jan 20 '17 at 12:56
Thanks you both - I've added the output from free and slabtop.
– DrAl
Jan 20 '17 at 13:29
Thanks you both - I've added the output from free and slabtop.
– DrAl
Jan 20 '17 at 13:29
add a comment |
1 Answer
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In my case, some memory is reserved for hugepage. Considering the hugepages reserved memory, it adds up.
controller-0:/home/wrsroot# grep -i huge /proc/meminfo
HugePages_Total: 1000
HugePages_Free: 488
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
answered 3 mins ago
Cheng1 LiCheng1 Li
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In my case, some memory is reserved for hugepage. Considering the hugepages reserved memory, it adds up.
controller-0:/home/wrsroot# grep -i huge /proc/meminfo
HugePages_Total: 1000
HugePages_Free: 488
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
answered 3 mins ago
Cheng1 LiCheng1 Li
1
New contributor
Cheng1 Li is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
add a comment |
In my case, some memory is reserved for hugepage. Considering the hugepages reserved memory, it adds up.
controller-0:/home/wrsroot# grep -i huge /proc/meminfo
HugePages_Total: 1000
HugePages_Free: 488
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
answered 3 mins ago
Cheng1 LiCheng1 Li
1
New contributor
Cheng1 Li is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
add a comment |
In my case, some memory is reserved for hugepage. Considering the hugepages reserved memory, it adds up.
controller-0:/home/wrsroot# grep -i huge /proc/meminfo
HugePages_Total: 1000
HugePages_Free: 488
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
answered 3 mins ago
Cheng1 LiCheng1 Li
1
New contributor
Cheng1 Li is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
In my case, some memory is reserved for hugepage. Considering the hugepages reserved memory, it adds up.
controller-0:/home/wrsroot# grep -i huge /proc/meminfo
HugePages_Total: 1000
HugePages_Free: 488
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
answered 3 mins ago
Cheng1 LiCheng1 Li
1
New contributor
Cheng1 Li is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
answered 3 mins ago
Cheng1 LiCheng1 Li
1
New contributor
Cheng1 Li is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
answered 3 mins ago
Cheng1 LiCheng1 Li
1
answered 3 mins ago
Cheng1 LiCheng1 Li
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1
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New contributor
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have a look at this thread: askubuntu.com/questions/285387/…
slabtop -s cmay give you a hint on what is using your memory. In my case it wasext4_inode_cache- in the linked thread is was the XFS equivalent to it.– Phillip -Zyan K Lee- Stockmann
Jan 20 '17 at 12:34
1
It seems you're using the "old" output format of
freethat doesn't list buffers and caches. Could you please runfree -hwithout the-ooption and include the output in your question? Iffreeis an alias that implies-o, you can circumvent it withcommand free -h. Alternatively, what's the output ofgrep -e '^MemAvailable:' /proc/meminfo? Thanks.– David Foerster
Jan 20 '17 at 12:56
Thanks you both - I've added the output from free and slabtop.
– DrAl
Jan 20 '17 at 13:29