鈮的同位素




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主要的鈮同位素









































































































同位素

衰變


丰度

半衰期 (t1/2)

類型

產物

90Nb

syn
15 小時

β+

90Zrenzirconium-90

91Nb
syn
680 

ε

91Zrenzirconium-91

91mNb
syn
61 

IT

91Nbenniobium-90

92m1Nb
syn
10 

ε

92Zrenzirconium-92

γ



92Nb

痕量
3.47×107 
ε

92Zr
γ



93Nb
100%

穩定

93mNb
syn
16 
IT

93Nbenniobium-93

94Nb

痕量
20.3×103 

β

94Moenmolybdenum-94

γ



95Nb
syn
35 
β

95Moenmolybdenum-95
γ



95mNb
syn

IT

95Nbenniobium-95

96Nb
syn
24 小時
β

96Moenmolybdenum-96


標準原子質量英语Standard atomic weight (Ar, 標準)

  • 92.90637(2)[1]





←Zr(40) Mo(42)




(原子量:92.90638(2))共有58個同位素,其中有1個同位素是穩定的。



圖表








































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































符號
Z(p

N(n

同位素質量(u)

半衰期

衰變
方式[2][n 1]

衰變
產物[n 2]

原子核
自旋
相對豐度
(莫耳分率)
相對豐度
的變化量
(莫耳分率)
激發能量

81
Nb

41
40
80.94903(161)#
<44 ns

β+, p

80Y
3/2-#



p

80Zr

β+

81Zr

82Nb
41
41
81.94313(32)#
51(5) ms

β+

82Zr
0+



83Nb
41
42
82.93671(34)
4.1(3) s

β+

83Zr
(5/2+)



84Nb
41
43
83.93357(32)#
9.8(9) s

β+ (>99.9%)

84Zr
3+



β+, p (<.1%)

83Y

84mNb
338(10) keV
103(19) ns


(5-)



85Nb
41
44
84.92791(24)
20.9(7) s

β+

85Zr
(9/2+)



85mNb
759.0(10) keV
12(5) s


(1/2-)



86Nb
41
45
85.92504(9)
88(1) s

β+

86Zr
(6+)



86mNb
250(160)# keV
56(8) s

β+

86Zr
high



87Nb
41
46
86.92036(7)
3.75(9) min

β+

87Zr
(1/2-)



87mNb
3.84(14) keV
2.6(1) min

β+

87Zr
(9/2+)#



88Nb
41
47
87.91833(11)
14.55(6) min

β+

88Zr
(8+)



88mNb
40(140) keV
7.8(1) min

β+

88Zr
(4-)



89Nb
41
48
88.913418(29)
2.03(7) h

β+

89Zr
(9/2+)



89mNb
0(30)# keV
1.10(3) h

β+

89Zr
(1/2)-



90Nb
41
49
89.911265(5)
14.60(5) h

β+

90Zr
8+



90m1Nb
122.370(22) keV
63(2) µs


6+



90m2Nb
124.67(25) keV
18.81(6) s

IT

90Nb
4-



90m3Nb
171.10(10) keV
<1 µs


7+



90m4Nb
382.01(25) keV
6.19(8) ms


1+



90m5Nb
1880.21(20) keV
472(13) ns


(11-)



91Nb
41
50
90.906996(4)
680(130) a

ε (99.98%)

91Zr
9/2+



β+ (.013%)

91Zr

91m1Nb
104.60(5) keV
60.86(22) d

IT (93%)

91Nb
1/2-



ε (7%)

91Zr

β+ (.0028%)

91Zr

91m2Nb
2034.35(19) keV
3.76(12) µs


(17/2-)



92Nb
41
51
91.907194(3)
3.47(24)×107 a[n 3]

β+ (99.95%)

92Zr
(7)+



β (.05%)

92Mo

92m1Nb
135.5(4) keV
10.15(2) d

β+

92Zr
(2)+



92m2Nb
225.7(4) keV
5.9(2) µs


(2)-



92m3Nb
2203.3(4) keV
167(4) ns


(11-)



93
Nb

41
52
92.9063781(26)

觀測上穩定[n 4]
9/2+
1.0000


93mNb
30.77(2) keV
16.13(14) a

IT

93Nb
1/2-



94Nb
41
53
93.9072839(26)
2.03(16)×104 a

β

94Mo
(6)+



94mNb
40.902(12) keV
6.263(4) min

IT (99.5%)

94Nb
3+



β (.5%)

94Mo

95Nb
41
54
94.9068358(21)
34.991(6) d

β

95Mo
9/2+



95mNb
235.690(20) keV
3.61(3) d

IT (94.4%)

95Nb
1/2-



β (5.6%)

95Mo

96Nb
41
55
95.908101(4)
23.35(5) h

β

96Mo
6+



97Nb
41
56
96.9080986(27)
72.1(7) min

β

97Mo
9/2+



97mNb
743.35(3) keV
52.7(18) s

IT

97Nb
1/2-



98Nb
41
57
97.910328(6)
2.86(6) s

β

98Mo
1+



98mNb
84(4) keV
51.3(4) min

β (99.9%)

98Mo
(5+)



IT (.1%)

98Nb

99Nb
41
58
98.911618(14)
15.0(2) s

β

99Mo
9/2+



99mNb
365.29(14) keV
2.6(2) min

β (96.2%)

99Mo
1/2-



IT (3.8%)

99Nb

100Nb
41
59
99.914182(28)
1.5(2) s

β

100Mo
1+



100mNb
470(40) keV
2.99(11) s

β

100Mo
(4+,5+)



101Nb
41
60
100.915252(20)
7.1(3) s

β

101Mo
(5/2#)+



102Nb
41
61
101.91804(4)
1.3(2) s

β

102Mo
1+



102mNb
130(50) keV
4.3(4) s

β

102Mo
high



103Nb
41
62
102.91914(7)
1.5(2) s

β

103Mo
(5/2+)



104Nb
41
63
103.92246(11)
4.9(3) s

β (99.94%)

104Mo
(1+)



β, n (.06%)

103Mo

104mNb
220(120) keV
940(40) ms

β (99.95%)

104Mo
high



β, n (.05%)

103Mo

105Nb
41
64
104.92394(11)
2.95(6) s

β (98.3%)

105Mo
(5/2+)#



β, n (1.7%)

104Mo

106Nb
41
65
105.92797(21)#
920(40) ms

β (95.5%)

106Mo
2+#



β, n (4.5%)

105Mo

107Nb
41
66
106.93031(43)#
300(9) ms

β (94%)

107Mo
5/2+#



β, n (6%)

106Mo

108Nb
41
67
107.93484(32)#
0.193(17) s

β (93.8%)

108Mo
(2+)



β, n (6.2%)

107Mo

109Nb
41
68
108.93763(54)#
190(30) ms

β (69%)

109Mo
5/2+#



β, n (69%)

108Mo

110Nb
41
69
109.94244(54)#
170(20) ms

β (60%)

110Mo
2+#



β, n (40%)

109Mo

111Nb
41
70
110.94565(54)#
80# ms [>300 ns]


5/2+#



112Nb
41
71
111.95083(75)#
60# ms [>300 ns]


2+#



113Nb
41
72
112.95470(86)#
30# ms [>300 ns]


5/2+#



114Nb
41
73
(114)#
(>392) ns[3]

β, 2n[3]

112
Mo

(2+)#



β, n[3]

113
Mo


β[3]

114
Mo


115Nb
41
74
(115)#
(>394) ns[4]

β, 2n[4]

113
Mo

(5/2+)#



β, n[4]

114
Mo


β[4]

115
Mo


備註:畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明,只是理論推測而已,而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。















同位素列表


鋯的同位素

鈮的同位素

鉬的同位素


註釋




  1. ^ Abbreviations:
    ε: Electron capture
    IT: Isomeric transition



  2. ^ Bold for stable isotopes, bold italic for near-stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe)


  3. ^ Longest half-life of all non-primordial radionuclides


  4. ^ Theoretically capable of spontaneous fission, lightest nuclide so capable



参考文獻





  1. ^ Meija, J.; 等. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). 纯粹与应用化学. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. 


  2. ^ http://www.nucleonica.net/unc.aspx


  3. ^ 3.03.13.23.3 Niobium-114 :Table of Nuclides Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]


  4. ^ 4.04.14.24.3 Niobium-115 :Table of Nuclides Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]




  • Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).

  • Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005).

  • Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.

    • Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).

    • National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).

    • David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.