Different formulas for copper pyrites and bauxite












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In my book in the chapter on General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements, I found that the formula for copper pyrites was stated as $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ at one place, $ce{CuFeS2}$ at another place and $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ at another place.



Are all these taken to be the formula for copper pyrites or are these printing mistakes. I have searched the internet but could not find any useful information regarding this.






inorganic-chemistry notation metallurgy







share|improve this question











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    $begingroup$


    In my book in the chapter on General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements, I found that the formula for copper pyrites was stated as $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ at one place, $ce{CuFeS2}$ at another place and $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ at another place.



    Are all these taken to be the formula for copper pyrites or are these printing mistakes. I have searched the internet but could not find any useful information regarding this.






    inorganic-chemistry notation metallurgy







    share|improve this question











    $endgroup$















      1












      1








      1





      $begingroup$


      In my book in the chapter on General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements, I found that the formula for copper pyrites was stated as $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ at one place, $ce{CuFeS2}$ at another place and $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ at another place.



      Are all these taken to be the formula for copper pyrites or are these printing mistakes. I have searched the internet but could not find any useful information regarding this.






      inorganic-chemistry notation metallurgy







      share|improve this question











      $endgroup$




      In my book in the chapter on General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements, I found that the formula for copper pyrites was stated as $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ at one place, $ce{CuFeS2}$ at another place and $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ at another place.



      Are all these taken to be the formula for copper pyrites or are these printing mistakes. I have searched the internet but could not find any useful information regarding this.






      inorganic-chemistry notation metallurgy




      inorganic-chemistry notation metallurgy






      share|improve this question















      share|improve this question













      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question








      edited 1 hour ago









      andselisk

      15k649108




      15k649108










      asked 2 hours ago









      MrAPMrAP

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          $begingroup$

          Both $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ and $ce{CuFeS2}$ are the equivalent means to denote chalcopyrite. The first notation, $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$, commonly used a few decades ago, shows that two sulfides are not just a mechanical mix, but form a chemical compound (same as for crystallohydrates, e.g. $ce{CuSO4 * 5 H2O}$). The second one, $ce{CuFeS2}$, is a formula unit, a more universal and modern representation. Chalcopyrite is a mineral of $ce{ABX2}$ type, crystallizes in $Ibar{4}2d$ space group.



          enter image description here



          Figure 1. Unit cell of chalcopyrite $ce{CuFeS2}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



          On the other hand, $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is a reduced formula of $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$, a superstructured bornite [1]. A compound of $ce{AB2X2}$ type, crystallizes in $Fbar{4}3m$ space group.



          Unit cell of superstructured bornite



          Figure 2. Unit cell of superstructured bornite $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



          Structurally, chalcopyrite and superstructured bornite have very little in common. Unless there is a specific context given, I'd rather say that $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is an outlier among the three and is probably a typographic issue. Also, it's not a good practice to mix dot-notated formulas with formula unit representations unless one wants to underline some structural aspects (e.g. molecular assemblies/coordination polyhedra/domains etc.)



          References




          1. Ding, Y.; Veblen, D. R.; Prewitt, C. T. Possible $ce{Fe/Cu}$ Ordering Schemes in the 2a Superstructure of Bornite ($ce{Cu5FeS4}$). American Mineralogist 2005, 90 (8–9), 1265–1269. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1518.






          share|improve this answer











          $endgroup$





















            1












            $begingroup$

            I know of five copper iron sulfide minerals:



            Bornite - $ce{Cu5FeS4}$



            Chalcopyrite - $ce{CuFeS2}$



            Cubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$



            Idaite - $ce{Cu5FeS6}$



            Isocubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$






            share|improve this answer









            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              Here is some more: talnakhite $ce{Cu18Fe16S32}$, valleriite $ce{Cu2Fe4S7}$, fukuchilite $ce{Cu3FeS8}$, nukundamite $ce{Cu_{3.39}Fe_{0.61}S4}$, haycockite $ce{Cu4Fe5S8}$, mooihoekite $ce{Cu9Fe9S16}$.
              $endgroup$
              – andselisk
              48 mins ago













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            $begingroup$

            Both $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ and $ce{CuFeS2}$ are the equivalent means to denote chalcopyrite. The first notation, $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$, commonly used a few decades ago, shows that two sulfides are not just a mechanical mix, but form a chemical compound (same as for crystallohydrates, e.g. $ce{CuSO4 * 5 H2O}$). The second one, $ce{CuFeS2}$, is a formula unit, a more universal and modern representation. Chalcopyrite is a mineral of $ce{ABX2}$ type, crystallizes in $Ibar{4}2d$ space group.



            enter image description here



            Figure 1. Unit cell of chalcopyrite $ce{CuFeS2}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



            On the other hand, $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is a reduced formula of $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$, a superstructured bornite [1]. A compound of $ce{AB2X2}$ type, crystallizes in $Fbar{4}3m$ space group.



            Unit cell of superstructured bornite



            Figure 2. Unit cell of superstructured bornite $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



            Structurally, chalcopyrite and superstructured bornite have very little in common. Unless there is a specific context given, I'd rather say that $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is an outlier among the three and is probably a typographic issue. Also, it's not a good practice to mix dot-notated formulas with formula unit representations unless one wants to underline some structural aspects (e.g. molecular assemblies/coordination polyhedra/domains etc.)



            References




            1. Ding, Y.; Veblen, D. R.; Prewitt, C. T. Possible $ce{Fe/Cu}$ Ordering Schemes in the 2a Superstructure of Bornite ($ce{Cu5FeS4}$). American Mineralogist 2005, 90 (8–9), 1265–1269. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1518.






            share|improve this answer











            $endgroup$


















              2












              $begingroup$

              Both $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ and $ce{CuFeS2}$ are the equivalent means to denote chalcopyrite. The first notation, $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$, commonly used a few decades ago, shows that two sulfides are not just a mechanical mix, but form a chemical compound (same as for crystallohydrates, e.g. $ce{CuSO4 * 5 H2O}$). The second one, $ce{CuFeS2}$, is a formula unit, a more universal and modern representation. Chalcopyrite is a mineral of $ce{ABX2}$ type, crystallizes in $Ibar{4}2d$ space group.



              enter image description here



              Figure 1. Unit cell of chalcopyrite $ce{CuFeS2}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



              On the other hand, $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is a reduced formula of $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$, a superstructured bornite [1]. A compound of $ce{AB2X2}$ type, crystallizes in $Fbar{4}3m$ space group.



              Unit cell of superstructured bornite



              Figure 2. Unit cell of superstructured bornite $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



              Structurally, chalcopyrite and superstructured bornite have very little in common. Unless there is a specific context given, I'd rather say that $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is an outlier among the three and is probably a typographic issue. Also, it's not a good practice to mix dot-notated formulas with formula unit representations unless one wants to underline some structural aspects (e.g. molecular assemblies/coordination polyhedra/domains etc.)



              References




              1. Ding, Y.; Veblen, D. R.; Prewitt, C. T. Possible $ce{Fe/Cu}$ Ordering Schemes in the 2a Superstructure of Bornite ($ce{Cu5FeS4}$). American Mineralogist 2005, 90 (8–9), 1265–1269. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1518.






              share|improve this answer











              $endgroup$
















                2












                2








                2





                $begingroup$

                Both $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ and $ce{CuFeS2}$ are the equivalent means to denote chalcopyrite. The first notation, $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$, commonly used a few decades ago, shows that two sulfides are not just a mechanical mix, but form a chemical compound (same as for crystallohydrates, e.g. $ce{CuSO4 * 5 H2O}$). The second one, $ce{CuFeS2}$, is a formula unit, a more universal and modern representation. Chalcopyrite is a mineral of $ce{ABX2}$ type, crystallizes in $Ibar{4}2d$ space group.



                enter image description here



                Figure 1. Unit cell of chalcopyrite $ce{CuFeS2}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



                On the other hand, $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is a reduced formula of $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$, a superstructured bornite [1]. A compound of $ce{AB2X2}$ type, crystallizes in $Fbar{4}3m$ space group.



                Unit cell of superstructured bornite



                Figure 2. Unit cell of superstructured bornite $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



                Structurally, chalcopyrite and superstructured bornite have very little in common. Unless there is a specific context given, I'd rather say that $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is an outlier among the three and is probably a typographic issue. Also, it's not a good practice to mix dot-notated formulas with formula unit representations unless one wants to underline some structural aspects (e.g. molecular assemblies/coordination polyhedra/domains etc.)



                References




                1. Ding, Y.; Veblen, D. R.; Prewitt, C. T. Possible $ce{Fe/Cu}$ Ordering Schemes in the 2a Superstructure of Bornite ($ce{Cu5FeS4}$). American Mineralogist 2005, 90 (8–9), 1265–1269. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1518.






                share|improve this answer











                $endgroup$



                Both $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ and $ce{CuFeS2}$ are the equivalent means to denote chalcopyrite. The first notation, $ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$, commonly used a few decades ago, shows that two sulfides are not just a mechanical mix, but form a chemical compound (same as for crystallohydrates, e.g. $ce{CuSO4 * 5 H2O}$). The second one, $ce{CuFeS2}$, is a formula unit, a more universal and modern representation. Chalcopyrite is a mineral of $ce{ABX2}$ type, crystallizes in $Ibar{4}2d$ space group.



                enter image description here



                Figure 1. Unit cell of chalcopyrite $ce{CuFeS2}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



                On the other hand, $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is a reduced formula of $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$, a superstructured bornite [1]. A compound of $ce{AB2X2}$ type, crystallizes in $Fbar{4}3m$ space group.



                Unit cell of superstructured bornite



                Figure 2. Unit cell of superstructured bornite $ce{Cu8Fe4S8}$. Color code: $color{#FFFF30}{Largebullet}~ce{S}$; $color{#E06633}{Largebullet}~ce{Fe}$; $color{#C88033}{Largebullet}~ce{Cu}$.



                Structurally, chalcopyrite and superstructured bornite have very little in common. Unless there is a specific context given, I'd rather say that $ce{Cu2FeS2}$ is an outlier among the three and is probably a typographic issue. Also, it's not a good practice to mix dot-notated formulas with formula unit representations unless one wants to underline some structural aspects (e.g. molecular assemblies/coordination polyhedra/domains etc.)



                References




                1. Ding, Y.; Veblen, D. R.; Prewitt, C. T. Possible $ce{Fe/Cu}$ Ordering Schemes in the 2a Superstructure of Bornite ($ce{Cu5FeS4}$). American Mineralogist 2005, 90 (8–9), 1265–1269. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1518.







                share|improve this answer














                share|improve this answer



                share|improve this answer








                edited 56 mins ago

























                answered 1 hour ago









                andseliskandselisk

                15k649108




                15k649108























                    1












                    $begingroup$

                    I know of five copper iron sulfide minerals:



                    Bornite - $ce{Cu5FeS4}$



                    Chalcopyrite - $ce{CuFeS2}$



                    Cubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$



                    Idaite - $ce{Cu5FeS6}$



                    Isocubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$






                    share|improve this answer









                    $endgroup$













                    • $begingroup$
                      Here is some more: talnakhite $ce{Cu18Fe16S32}$, valleriite $ce{Cu2Fe4S7}$, fukuchilite $ce{Cu3FeS8}$, nukundamite $ce{Cu_{3.39}Fe_{0.61}S4}$, haycockite $ce{Cu4Fe5S8}$, mooihoekite $ce{Cu9Fe9S16}$.
                      $endgroup$
                      – andselisk
                      48 mins ago


















                    1












                    $begingroup$

                    I know of five copper iron sulfide minerals:



                    Bornite - $ce{Cu5FeS4}$



                    Chalcopyrite - $ce{CuFeS2}$



                    Cubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$



                    Idaite - $ce{Cu5FeS6}$



                    Isocubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$






                    share|improve this answer









                    $endgroup$













                    • $begingroup$
                      Here is some more: talnakhite $ce{Cu18Fe16S32}$, valleriite $ce{Cu2Fe4S7}$, fukuchilite $ce{Cu3FeS8}$, nukundamite $ce{Cu_{3.39}Fe_{0.61}S4}$, haycockite $ce{Cu4Fe5S8}$, mooihoekite $ce{Cu9Fe9S16}$.
                      $endgroup$
                      – andselisk
                      48 mins ago
















                    1












                    1








                    1





                    $begingroup$

                    I know of five copper iron sulfide minerals:



                    Bornite - $ce{Cu5FeS4}$



                    Chalcopyrite - $ce{CuFeS2}$



                    Cubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$



                    Idaite - $ce{Cu5FeS6}$



                    Isocubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$






                    share|improve this answer









                    $endgroup$



                    I know of five copper iron sulfide minerals:



                    Bornite - $ce{Cu5FeS4}$



                    Chalcopyrite - $ce{CuFeS2}$



                    Cubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$



                    Idaite - $ce{Cu5FeS6}$



                    Isocubanite - $ce{CuFe2S3}$







                    share|improve this answer












                    share|improve this answer



                    share|improve this answer










                    answered 1 hour ago









                    MaxWMaxW

                    14.6k12158




                    14.6k12158












                    • $begingroup$
                      Here is some more: talnakhite $ce{Cu18Fe16S32}$, valleriite $ce{Cu2Fe4S7}$, fukuchilite $ce{Cu3FeS8}$, nukundamite $ce{Cu_{3.39}Fe_{0.61}S4}$, haycockite $ce{Cu4Fe5S8}$, mooihoekite $ce{Cu9Fe9S16}$.
                      $endgroup$
                      – andselisk
                      48 mins ago




















                    • $begingroup$
                      Here is some more: talnakhite $ce{Cu18Fe16S32}$, valleriite $ce{Cu2Fe4S7}$, fukuchilite $ce{Cu3FeS8}$, nukundamite $ce{Cu_{3.39}Fe_{0.61}S4}$, haycockite $ce{Cu4Fe5S8}$, mooihoekite $ce{Cu9Fe9S16}$.
                      $endgroup$
                      – andselisk
                      48 mins ago


















                    $begingroup$
                    Here is some more: talnakhite $ce{Cu18Fe16S32}$, valleriite $ce{Cu2Fe4S7}$, fukuchilite $ce{Cu3FeS8}$, nukundamite $ce{Cu_{3.39}Fe_{0.61}S4}$, haycockite $ce{Cu4Fe5S8}$, mooihoekite $ce{Cu9Fe9S16}$.
                    $endgroup$
                    – andselisk
                    48 mins ago






                    $begingroup$
                    Here is some more: talnakhite $ce{Cu18Fe16S32}$, valleriite $ce{Cu2Fe4S7}$, fukuchilite $ce{Cu3FeS8}$, nukundamite $ce{Cu_{3.39}Fe_{0.61}S4}$, haycockite $ce{Cu4Fe5S8}$, mooihoekite $ce{Cu9Fe9S16}$.
                    $endgroup$
                    – andselisk
                    48 mins ago




















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                    Tu-95轟炸機

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                    body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.infobox caption{text-align:center} 图-95 Ту–95 北约代号：熊（Bear） 一架在安格斯空军基地的图-95MS 概觀 類型 战略轰炸机 代號 北约代号： Bear （熊） 乘員 7名 駕駛員2名，機尾炮手1名，其他人員4名 首飛 1952年11月12日 服役 1956年 設計 圖波列夫設計局 產量 超过500架 現況 现役 主要用戶   蘇聯   俄羅斯 衍生機型 图-114、图-119、Tu-95 技术数据 長度 49.50米（162呎5吋） 翼展 51.10米（167呎8吋） 高度 12.12米（39呎9吋） 翼面積 310平方米（3,330平方呎） 空重 90,000公斤（198,000磅） 最大起飛重量 188,000公斤（414,500磅） 發動機 4具库兹涅佐夫NK-12MV型渦輪螺旋槳發動機 功率 4×11,000千瓦（14,800馬力） 性能數據 最大速度 925公里／時（500節，575哩／時） 爬升率 10米／秒（2,000呎／分） 最大升限 12,000米（39,000呎） 最大航程 15,000公里（8,100海浬，9,400哩） 翼負荷 606公斤／平方米（124磅／平方呎） 推重比 235 W／公斤（0.143馬力／磅） 武器装备 機炮 1具/2具AM-23型23公釐雷達控制機砲（機尾） 飛彈 空对地导弹： Kh-20、Kh-22 Kh-26、Kh-55 炸彈 60枚FAB-250炸彈，或 30枚FAB-500炸彈。 其他 载弹量（包括飞弹）：最多15,000公斤（33,000磅） Tu-95熊式MR型機 图-95 （俄语： Ту–95 ， 英语： Tu-95 ），北約代號： Bear （ 熊 ），是蘇聯圖波列夫設計局所研製，是全世界唯一服役的大型四渦輪螺旋槳發動機...
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