You can use lshw which is CLI tool:

sudo lshw

as the man page says:

lshw is a small tool to extract detailed information on the hardware
configuration of the machine. It can report exact memory configuration,
firmware version, mainboard configuration, CPU version and speed, cache
configuration, bus speed, etc. on DMI-capable x86 or IA-64 systems and
on some PowerPC machines (PowerMac G4 is known to work).

You can also use HardInfo:

HardInfo can gather information about your system's hardware and operating system, perform benchmarks, and generate printable reports either in HTML or in plain text formats.

It can also be easily extended, for developer documentation and full source code (released under GNU GPL version 2) is available.

Install it by running this command:

sudo apt-get install hardinfo

or look for hardinfo in Synaptic or Software Center.

There are several ways to gather hardware information. I will post all the possibilities I know. For further information on any of the programs please consult their man pages.

Option one - lshw

lshw which should be installed by default. You'll have to run it as super user (sudo).

It will present a very detailed list of pretty much every component. To get a shorter list representation you can use the -short flag.

You can make it output the information in several ways.

Option two - hwinfo (needs install)

hwinfo which you'd have to install. It is in the repositories.

It does also present the components in a very detailed fashion. Here the --short flag will give you a nice hardware category sorted list.

With the --[hwtype] option you can get detailed information about a selected hardware type only, which is quite handy sometimes.

I don't know of any one-in-all solution to dis/enable hardware or drivers. Drivers generally are kernel modules which you can enable (add) and disable (remove) using the modprobe command.

Using lsmod you can find out which modules are currently loaded.

lshw is a very good command that tells you a very detailed information of your hardware. If you don't want to install something else like hardinfo then it will be very good command. But use lshw (you can say list hardware to remember this command) with -html or -xml options to get the information in more interactive way.

Here it illustrates

    $ sudo lshw | less (or more)

    $ sudo lshw -html > myhardware.html

    $ sudo lshw -xml > myhardware.xml

Now just open .html or .xml files created in your current directory to get a complete description of your hardware.

lspci - PCI hardware

lsusb, lspcmcia, lshw, lshw-gtk

dmidecode -information about your system's hardware as described in system BIOS

kinfocenter

cat /proc/cpuinfo

lshw is the command, you can grep also, lshw | grep audio for example.

I don't know how you can view it in the GUI.

HardwareLiSter is a useful tool that can show you detailed info on all the hardware on your system in a nice GUI interface.

If you prefer to use a terminal try sudo dmidecode which will give you a very detailed list of all the hardware too.

Other great tools for Ubuntu are

i-nex

I-Nex is free system info tool which is used to gather information on the main system components (devices) such as CPU, motherboard, memory, video memory, sound, USB devices and so on. The application allows through a tabbed clear interface to display information about the system hardware, this utility displays significant amount of system details.
I-Nex utility continues to add new functionality, this time I-Nex included GPU information tab, and other various fixes.
Besides being able to display hardware information, I-Nex can also generate an advanced report for which you can select what to include and optionally send the report to a service such as Pastebin (and others). It also features an option to take a screenshot of the I-Nex window directly from the application.
The difference between I-Nex and the other hardware information GUI tools available for Linux is that the information is better organized and is displayed faster (than lshw-gtk for instance). Also, the hardware information is presented in a way that's easier to understand than other such tools.

cpu-g

CPU-G is useful utility to show hardware information. It detects hardware and display details about everything, it shows information about CPU(Processor), RAM(Active/Inactive, Free, Used and cached), Motherboard and Chipset, Bios Details, Graphic card details, and details of installed Linux.

SOURCE http://www.noobslab.com/2014/01/cpuz-alternatives-inex-cpug-for-ubuntu.html

from the terminal:

sudo lshw

from the gui you'll need to install gnome-device-manager

Device Manager from the Ubuntu Software Centre.

Install Sysinfo from the Ubuntu Software Center. Sysinfo is a graphical tool that is able to display some hardware and software information about the computer it is run on.

It is able to recognize information about:

• System (Linux distribution release, versions of GNOME, kernel, gcc and
  Xorg and hostname)


• CPU (vendor identification, model name, frequency, level2 cache, bogomips,
  model numbers and flags)


• Memory (total system RAM, free memory, swap space total and free, cached,
  active, inactive memory)


• Storage (IDE interface, all IDE devices, SCSI devices)


• Hardware (motherboard, graphic card, sound card, network devices)


• NVIDIA graphic card: only with NVIDIA display driver installed

NeoFetch is a nice command line solution for high level information (if running Ubuntu 14.04 or higher).

To install you need to add the PPA first:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:dawidd0811/neofetch

Then install:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install neofetch

Then run:

neofetch

Update:

neofetch is available in the Universe repository since 18.04.

A convenient way to present neofetch data is to use neofetch --stdout. This command produces output in plain text that can be copy/pasted into a question or answer here without needing to upload an image.

$ neofetch --stdout

dkb@kububb                                                                                                                                        

------------                                                                                                                                        

OS: Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS x86_64                                                                                                                       

Host: Inspiron 15-3567                                                                                                                              

Kernel: 4.15.0-48-generic                                                                                                                           

Uptime: 3 hours, 12 mins                                                                                                                            

Packages: 2352                                                                                                                                      

Shell: bash 4.4.19                                                                                                                                  

Resolution: 1366x768                                                                                                                                

DE: KDE                                                                                                                                             

WM: KWin                                                                                                                                            

WM Theme: Breeze                                                                                                                                    

Theme: Breeze Dark [KDE], MyBreeze-Dark [GTK2/3]                                                                                                    

Icons: Breeze-dark [KDE], Breeze [GTK2/3]                                                                                                           

Terminal: konsole                                                                                                                                   

Terminal Font: Hack 11                                                                                                                              

CPU: Intel i3-6006U (2) @ 2.000GHz                                                                                                                  

GPU: Intel HD Graphics 520                                                                                                                          

Memory: 1435MiB / 7846MiB                                                                                                                           

$                                                                                                                                        

Add some detail:

• 
  lscpu display information on CPU architecture


• 
  lsblk list block devices


• 
  sudo lshw -short | grep -i "system memory" list system memory

Just type ls and use tab to get prompt.

I wrote a shell script to gather all possible hardware details on Linux systems, including Ubuntu, using native commands. Anyone interested can view and download the script from: A simple shell script to get hardware info from a Linux box.

This script fetches the following details:

• Operating system (Linux) release version, kernel version, uptime details, etc.


• System (server) vendor, serial number, etc.


• Server mainboard details


• Server BIOS at a glance


• Server processor details


• Server physical memory (RAM) details


• PCI devices/controllers at a glance


• Hard disk drive details


• Network hardware info

**** Update as of 1/12/2019 *****

This script is available as an RPM now, which can be downloaded from this blog site page: https://www.simplylinuxfaq.com/p/how-to-find-hardware-details-in-linux.html

Is there a single utility to monitor most hardware's working status? Just like some software in Windows?

If you search for "system testing" in dash you will see a program that will check an insane amount of features. The 2nd image shows it will check suspend, power management, audio, usb, graphics, mediacards, dvd drives and much more.

If something is wrong related to a device it will inform you of it. A simple search on AU or posting a question specific to a problem shown at the results page should help investigate the related problem.

The Universe repository on Ubuntu 14.04 and later contains a Bash script named inxi in package with same name. At least Xubuntu 16.04 has it installed by default. You can control its output via options. See man inxi. E.g. inxi -v 2 shows information in verbosity level 2; levels 0-7 are supported.

neofetch has already been mentioned but there is also screenfetch which provides even more information when you open your terminal after you put the command in your ~/.bashrc file:

My terminal splash screen contains four components:

• Weather


• Calendar


• Time (when terminal was opened)


• 
  screenfetch the system information utility

You can find details for doing this yourself in this answer:

• Terminal splash screen with Weather, Calendar, Time & Sysinfo?

hw-probe tool: https://github.com/linuxhw/hw-probe

The tool creates a probe of the computer including outputs of hardware listers (hwinfo, dmidecode, biosdecode, etc.), several Linux diagnostics tools (smartctl, memtester, etc.) and system logs (dmesg, Xorg.log, etc.).

Probe example: https://linux-hardware.org/?probe=0b29192f95

I'm the author of this project, so feel free to ask any questions in comments!